Electronic Devices for the Combination of Electrically Controlled Drug Release, Electrostimulation, and Optogenetic Stimulation for Nerve Tissue Regeneration

[ES] La capacidad de las células madre para proliferar formando distintas células especializadas les otorga la potencialidad de servir de base para terapias efectivas para patologías cuyo tratamiento era inimaginable hasta hace apenas dos décadas. Sin embargo, esta capacidad se encuentra mediada por estímulos fisiológicos, químicos, y eléctricos, específicos y complejos, que dificultan su traslación a la rutina clínica. Por ello, las células madre representan un campo de estudio en el que se invierten amplios esfuerzos por parte de la comunidad científica. En el ámbito de la regeneración nerviosa, para modular su desarrollo y diferenciación el tratamiento farmacológico, la electroestimulación, y la estimulación optogenética son técnicas que están consiguiendo prometedores resultados. Es por ello por lo que en la presente tesis se ha desarrollado un conjunto de sistemas electrónicos para permitir la aplicación combinada de estas técnicas in vitro, con perspectiva a su aplicación in vivo. Hemos diseñado una novedosa tecnología para la liberación eléctricamente controlada de fármacos. Esta tecnología está basada en nanopartículas de sílice mesoporosa y puertas moleculares de bipiridina-heparina. Las puertas moleculares son electroquímicamente reactivas, y encierran los fármacos en el interior de las nanopartículas, liberándolos ante un estímulo eléctrico. Hemos caracterizado esta tecnología, y la hemos validado mediante la liberación controlada de rodamina en cultivos celulares de HeLa. Para la combinación de liberación controlada de fármacos y electroestimulación hemos desarrollado dispositivos que permiten aplicar los estímulos eléctricos de forma configurable desde una interfaz gráfica de usuario. Además, hemos diseñado un módulo de expansión que permite multiplexar las señales eléctricas a diferentes cultivos celulares. Además, hemos diseñado un dispositivo de estimulación optogenética. Este tipo de estimulación consiste en la modificación genética de las células para que sean sensibles a la radiación lumínica de determinada longitud de onda. En el ámbito de la regeneración de tejido mediante células precursoras neurales, es de interés poder inducir ondas de calcio, favoreciendo su diferenciación en neuronas y la formación de circuitos sinápticos. El dispositivo diseñado permite obtener imágenes en tiempo real mediante microscopía confocal de las respuestas transitorias de las células al ser irradiadas. El dispositivo se ha validado irradiando neuronas modificadas con luz pulsada de 100 ms. También hemos diseñado un dispositivo electrónico complementario de medida de irradiancia con el doble fin de permitir la calibración del equipo de irradiancia y medir la irradiancia en tiempo real durante los experimentos in vitro. Los resultados del uso de los bioactuadores en procesos complejos y dinámicos, como la regeneración de tejido nervioso, son limitados en lazo abierto. Uno de los principales aspectos analizados es el desarrollo de biosensores que permitiesen la cuantización de ciertas biomoléculas para ajustar la estimulación suministrada en tiempo real. Por ejemplo, la segregación de serotonina es una respuesta identificada en la elongación de células precursoras neurales, pero hay otras biomoléculas de interés para la implementación de un control en lazo cerrado. Entre las tecnologías en el estado del arte, los biosensores basados en transistores de efecto de campo (FET) funcionalizados con aptámeros son realmente prometedores para esta aplicación. Sin embargo, esta tecnología no permitía la medición simultánea de más de una biomolécula objetivo en un volumen reducido debido a las interferencias entre los distintos FETs, cuyos terminales se encuentran inmersos en la solución. Por ello, hemos desarrollado instrumentación electrónica capaz de medir simultáneamente varios de estos biosensores, y la hemos validado mediante la medición simultánea de pH y la detección preliminar de serotonina y glutamato.[CA] La capacitat de les cèl·lules mare per a proliferar formant diferents cèl·lules especialitzades els atorga la potencialitat de servir de base per a teràpies efectives per a patologies el tractament de les quals era inimaginable fins fa a penes dues dècades. No obstant això, aquesta capacitat es troba mediada per estímuls fisiològics, químics, i elèctrics, específics i complexos, que dificulten la seua translació a la rutina clínica. Per això, les cèl·lules mare representen un camp d'estudi en el qual s'inverteixen amplis esforços per part de la comunitat científica. En l'àmbit de la regeneració nerviosa, per a modular el seu desenvolupament i diferenciació el tractament farmacològic, l'electroestimulació, i l'estimulació optogenética són tècniques que estan aconseguint prometedors resultats. És per això que en la present tesi s'ha desenvolupat un conjunt de sistemes electrònics per a permetre l'aplicació combinada d'aquestes tècniques in vitro, amb perspectiva a la seua aplicació in vivo. Hem dissenyat una nova tecnologia per a l'alliberament elèctricament controlat de fàrmacs. Aquesta tecnologia està basada en nanopartícules de sílice mesoporosa i portes moleculars de bipiridina-heparina. Les portes moleculars són electroquímicament reactives, i tanquen els fàrmacs a l'interior de les nanopartícules, alliberant-los davant un estímul elèctric. Hem caracteritzat aquesta tecnologia, i l'hem validada mitjançant l'alliberament controlat de rodamina en cultius cel·lulars de HeLa. Per a la combinació d'alliberament controlat de fàrmacs i electroestimulació hem desenvolupat dispositius que permeten aplicar els estímuls elèctrics de manera configurable des d'una interfície gràfica d'usuari. A més, hem dissenyat un mòdul d'expansió que permet multiplexar els senyals elèctrics a diferents cultius cel·lulars. A més, hem dissenyat un dispositiu d'estimulació optogenètica. Aquest tipus d'estimulació consisteix en la modificació genètica de les cèl·lules perquè siguen sensibles a la radiació lumínica de determinada longitud d'ona. En l'àmbit de la regeneració de teixit mitjançant cèl·lules precursores neurals, és d'interés poder induir ones de calci, afavorint la seua diferenciació en neurones i la formació de circuits sinàptics. El dispositiu dissenyat permet obtindré imatges en temps real mitjançant microscòpia confocal de les respostes transitòries de les cèl·lules en ser irradiades. El dispositiu s'ha validat irradiant neurones modificades amb llum polsada de 100 ms. També hem dissenyat un dispositiu electrònic complementari de mesura d'irradiància amb el doble fi de permetre el calibratge de l'equip d'irradiància i mesurar la irradiància en temps real durant els experiments in vitro. Els resultats de l'ús dels bioactuadors en processos complexos i dinàmics, com la regeneració de teixit nerviós, són limitats en llaç obert. Un dels principals aspectes analitzats és el desenvolupament de biosensors que permeteren la quantització de certes biomolècules per a ajustar l'estimulació subministrada en temps real. Per exemple, la segregació de serotonina és una resposta identificada amb l'elongació de les cèl·lules precursores neurals, però hi ha altres biomolècules d'interés per a la implementació d'un control en llaç tancat. Entre les tecnologies en l'estat de l'art, els biosensors basats en transistors d'efecte de camp (FET) funcionalitzats amb aptàmers són realment prometedors per a aquesta aplicació. No obstant això, aquesta tecnologia no permetia el mesurament simultani de més d'una biomolècula objectiu en un volum reduït a causa de les interferències entre els diferents FETs, els terminals dels quals es troben immersos en la solució. Per això, hem desenvolupat instrumentació electrònica capaç de mesurar simultàniament diversos d'aquests biosensors i els hem validat amb mesurament simultani del pH i la detecció preliminar de serotonina i glutamat.[EN] The stem cells' ability to proliferate to form different specialized cells gives them the potential to serve as the basis for effective therapies for pathologies whose treatment was unimaginable until just two decades ago. However, this capacity is mediated by specific and complex physiological, chemical, and electrical stimuli that complicate their translation to clinical routine. For this reason, stem cells represent a field of study in which the scientific community is investing a great deal of effort. In the field of nerve regeneration, to modulate their development and differentiation, pharmacological treatment, electrostimulation, and optogenetic stimulation are techniques that are achieving promising results. For this reason, we have developed a set of electronic systems to allow the combined application of these techniques in vitro, with a view to their application in vivo. We have designed a novel technology for the electrically controlled release of drugs. This technology is based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles and bipyridine-heparin molecular gates. The molecular gates are electrochemically reactive and entrap the drugs inside the nanoparticles, releasing them upon electrical stimulus. We have characterized this technology and validated it by controlled release of rhodamine in HeLa cell cultures. For combining electrostimulation and controlled drug release we have developed devices that allow applying the different electrical stimuli in a configurable way from a graphical user interface. In addition, we have designed an expansion module that allows multiplexing electrical signals to different cell cultures. In addition, we have designed an optogenetic stimulation device. This type of stimulation consists of genetically modifying cells to make them sensitive to light radiation of a specific wavelength. In tissue regeneration using neural precursor cells, it is interesting to be able to induce calcium waves, favoring the cell differentiation into neurons and the formation of synaptic circuits. The designed device enable the obtention of real-time images through confocal microscopy of the transient responses of cells upon irradiation. The device has been validated by irradiating modified neurons with 100 ms pulsed light stimulation. We have also designed a complementary electronic irradiance measurement device to allow calibration of the irradiator equipment and measuring irradiance in real time during in vitro experiments. The results of using bioactuators in complex and dynamic processes, such as nerve tissue regeneration, are limited in an open loop. One of the main aspects analyzed is the development of biosensors that would allow quantifying of specific biomolecules to adjust the stimulation provided in real time. For instance, serotonin secretion is an identified response of neural precursor cells elongation, among other biomolecules of interest for the implementation of a closed-loop control. Among the state-of-the-art technologies, biosensors based on field effect transistors (FETs) functionalized with aptamers are promising for this application. However, this technology did not allow the simultaneous measurement of more than one target biomolecule in a small volume due to interferences between the different FETs, whose terminals are immersed in the solution. This is why we have developed electronic instrumentation capable of simultaneously measuring several of these biosensors, and we have validated it with the simultaneous pH measurement and the preliminary detection of serotonin and glutamate.Monreal Trigo, J. (2023). Electronic Devices for the Combination of Electrically Controlled Drug Release, Electrostimulation, and Optogenetic Stimulation for Nerve Tissue Regeneration [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/19384

Disseny i desenvolupament d'un espectròmetre òptic versàtil de baix cost

Making use of the diffraction phenomenon, it is designed and developed a versatile low-cost optic spectrometer. After its wavelength calibration using diodes-lasers and amplitude calibration using a continuous source, it is possible to characterize the spectrum of different light sources. Results are compared with ones are obtained with a commercial spectrometer.En aquesta memòria es detalla el procés de disseny, desenvolupament i prototipatge d’un sistema de mesura de l’espectre visible. L’objectiu a complir és l’obtenció d’un dispositiu reproduïble, competitiu a nivell tècnic amb els models comercials de docència actuals, amb un preu més econòmic i totalment accessible. El dispositiu resultant reuneix les característiques de ser portàtil, versàtil, compacte, econòmic, accessible i distribuïble. El cor del projecte és el software, que com a característica clau permet ser utilitzat amb pràcticament qualsevol càmera, és fàcilment modificable i permet ser executat després d’una instal·lació bàsica. El prototipatge s’ha realitzat amb una càmera comercial amb connexió USB amb la fi de trobar un balanç entre assequibilitat i resolució del producte final: un preu vint voltes més econòmic i una resolució que s’aproxima a l’espectrofotòmetre comercial emprat com a referència.Monreal Trigo, J. (2017). Disseny i desenvolupament d'un espectròmetre òptic versàtil de baix cost. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/87701TFG

The first time on the other side: PhD candidates experience in digital electronics practical sessions and final project

[EN] The university Lecturer Training Fellowship granted by the Spanish Ministry of Education implies the participation of the PhD candidates in the practical lessons of subjects related to their specialty. For the first time, two students were assigned to the high performance group in Digital Electronics in the Industrial Electronics and Automation degree, taught in the School of Design Engineering (ETSID) of the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV). Taking advantage of the PhD candidates¿ easiness for comprehending the student¿s point of view, they were allowed to suggest and implement methodological modifications with the aim of improving the knowledge and skill transfer in the subject field. The main result was the development of a methodology which relates the practical and theoretical parts so they are interleaved, making it easier to comprehend, assimilate the concepts, and participate actively in the practical part gaining experience in the field. The subject is divided in three main parts: VHDL, microcontrollers and a final project. One of the PhD students was assigned to the VHDL part, the other one to the microcontroller part, and the final project was collaborative, with both participating in the organization and evaluation. This final project evaluates the innovation, creativity and entrepreneurship transversal skills of the students by entrusting them to develop a microcontroller code and to write the documentation about it, while participating in a car-like robot competition. This year, the competition was presented as a list of requirements the robots must meet before the deadline to access the ¿final test¿, in a way that was first implemented by the successful aerospace company SpaceX for the international Hyperloop Pod Competition series. This makes the deadlines and evaluation items very clear for both students and evaluators while leaving the door open to different ways of implementation using the knowledge acquired through the semester. This paper presents the thought process behind the methodology used during the subject and final project and the results obtained, alongside with the experience reported by both students and PhD intraining candidates.Terrés-Haro, JM.; Monreal-Trigo, J.; Ibáñez Civera, FJ.; Gil Sánchez, L.; Garcia-Breijo, E.; Laguarda-Miro, N. (2020). The first time on the other side: PhD candidates experience in digital electronics practical sessions and final project. IATED. 3845-3850. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2020.1284S3845385

Redesigning seminars in the subject sustainable development and environmental ethics for the new on-line higher education scenario due to COVID-19

[EN] Covid-19 has changed the global agenda this year 2020 and particularly since March when the disease disseminated and affected the whole world. Then, confinement strategies started in most of the countries affecting important humankind aspects such as economy, society, and many others. In an educational point of view, higher education has been suddenly forced to change from a traditional presential education structure to a non-presential learning-teaching framework based on virtual/on-line educational strategies. Particular efforts have been done at the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) and in its Design Engineering School (ETSID) to adapt their educational model to this unexpected situation. This paper shows the work conducted to redesign seminars in the subject Sustainable Development and Environmental Ethics according to the requirements of this new scenario. A preliminary SWOT analysis allowed to focus our redesigning efforts in specific aspects of the seminar: assuming the nonpresential scenario and adapting to this new reality, an appropriate and more effective information sharing, some visual aspects associated to the specific teamworking dynamics in the classroom, structure and seminar schedule were some of the aspects to be on in the redesigning process. Students¿ opinions and point of view were particularly considered in redesigning as they are intensively experiencing on-line education since confinement started. Finally, structure, tasks, schedule, attendance, results compilation and sharing, and assessment were completely reconsidered and adapted. After this season¿s experience, development, results and students¿ feedback have been studied in depth. As a conclusion, the new redesigned seminar rises as a successful improved version of the activity being more dynamic, participative, and educationally functional. Although, there are important aspects that have been lost because they are linked to presential attendance and real teamworking in the classroom. Further efforts will be focused in diminishing these disadvantages.Laguarda-Miro, N.; Ibáñez Civera, FJ.; Gil Sánchez, L.; Garcia-Breijo, E.; Monreal-Trigo, J.; Terrés-Haro, JM. (2021). Redesigning seminars in the subject sustainable development and environmental ethics for the new on-line higher education scenario due to COVID-19. IATED. 5455-5460. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2021.1107S5455546

The interview as a learning tool: an experience of emotional motivation in engineering degrees

[EN] Technical studies in Higher Education have traditionally been seen as complex, difficult and abstract by students, and particularly when compared to university careers in the field of humanities, more related to social and human aspects. In the line of innovating in the field of engineering teaching, and with the intention of bringing engineering and learning strategies based on the social, this paper presents an experience of motivation and emotional bonding of students with their degrees in the field of industrial and aeronautical engineering. In this experience, the interview has been used as an educational tool. So, it has been applied to a very specific topic (sustainability and development in the industrial age) of the subject Sustainable Development and Environmental Ethics, included in the program of all the degrees at the School of Design Engineering of the Universitat Politècnica del València. The experience consisted in interviewing a family member or close person who had lived the industrialization age in the Spanish countryside, in order to enrichen the contents given at class with the personal experience of the interviewed relative. As a result, the experience is considered very satisfactory by the students as it allows them to reinforce the knowledge acquired in in the classroom being able to link theory to the personal experiences by people close to them who had the chance to experience the emergence of industrialization in the Spanish countryside. Thus, the interview provides students an emotional bond with the matter they are studying, achieving at least three main objectives, as the experience: 1) lets the students know about real experiences by relatives or close people in the industrialization age in Spain, 2) facilitates the contextualization of the matter in this specific historical period and 3) motivates the students to the subject and their careers.Laguarda-Miro, N.; Terrés-Haro, JM.; Monreal-Trigo, J.; Ibáñez Civera, FJ.; Gil Sánchez, L.; Olguín Pinatti, CA. (2020). The interview as a learning tool: an experience of emotional motivation in engineering degrees. IATED. 3938-3942. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2020.1092S3938394

ON-LINE PRACTICES IN DIGITAL ELECTRONICS: THE REMOTELAB EXPERIENCE

[EN] Higher Education is given on-line since COVID-19 appeared and disseminated all over the world. Both students and teachers had little time to adapt to new learning-teaching applications and tools such as TEAMS or ZOOM. Subsequently, learning methodologies were also redesigned to be effective in a ¿non-presential¿ scenario that is mainly aseptic and depersonalized. When the state of emergency and confinement were over, the University had to reinvent educational methodologies. Then, new educational terms and expressions appeared in Higher Education and particularly in Engineering careers. Terms such as ¿partial attendance¿, ¿synchronous and asynchronous sessions¿ are nowadays present in our course guidelines but also in an unstable scenario in which higher education strategies are changing by the day. In this scenario, theory lessons have been easy to adapt to on-line education. In the same way, tutorials have become more fluid and flexible with this new system. On the other hand, difficulties to achieve an objective evaluation and conducting useful practice sessions are some of the identified weaknesses of the system. This paper focuses on these aspects studying the development of practices by local or on-line simulators and even by remote laboratories. A specific practice prototype is introduced, allowing ¿partial attendance¿ of the students, a part of them in-situ in the laboratory and another part attending the practice on-line by remote access to the practice board. This proposal lets us develop real practices with no need of synchronous assistance from the teachers by using a remote system and monitoring its development by webcamIbáñez Civera, FJ.; Laguarda-Miro, N.; Gil Sánchez, L.; Terrés-Haro, JM.; Monreal-Trigo, J.; Olguín Pinatti, CA. (2021). ON-LINE PRACTICES IN DIGITAL ELECTRONICS: THE REMOTELAB EXPERIENCE. IATED Academy. 5406-5411. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2021.1100S5406541

Linking academic and labor training in finalist graduacte subjects: a strategy to improve students transversal competences

[EN] In the current presentation we propose the integration of training for employment in the last subjects of university degrees. Specifically, for this case, contents and activities of the elective subject ¿Organic Electronic and Processes in Electronic Design¿ are reformulated. This subject is included in the Degree in Industrial Electronics and Automation at the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV). The aim of this proposal is to include training for employment (or external practices) and how to deal with the initial contacts with the destination work centre.Ibáñez Civera, FJ.; Laguarda-Miro, N.; Gil Sánchez, L.; Garcia-Breijo, E.; Olguín Pinatti, CA.; Monreal-Trigo, J.; Terrés-Haro, JM. (2019). Linking academic and labor training in finalist graduacte subjects: a strategy to improve students transversal competences. IATED. 3809-3812. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2019.0966S3809381

Electro-responsive films containing voltage responsive gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles grafted onto PEDOT-based conducting polymer

[EN] The characteristics and electromechanical properties of conductive polymers together to their biocompatibility have boosted their application as a suitable tool in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. However, conducting polymers as drug release materials are far from being ideal. A possibility to overcome this drawback is to combine conducting polymers with on-command delivery particles with inherent high-loading capacity. In this scenario, we report here the preparation of conduction polymers containing gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) loaded with a cargo that is delivered on command by electro-chemical stimuli increasing the potential use of conducting polymers as controlled delivery systems. MSNs are loaded with Rhodamine B (Rh B), anchored to the conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with poly[(4-styrenesulfonic acid)-co-(maleic acid)], functionalized with a bipyridinium derivative and pores are capped with heparin (P3) by electrostatic interactions. P3 releases the entrapped cargo after the application of ¿640 mV voltage versus the saturated calomel electrode (SCE). Pore opening in the nanoparticles and dye delivery is ascribed to both (i) the reduction of the grafted bipyridinium derivative and (ii) the polarization of the conducting polymer electrode to negative potentials that induce detachment of positively charged heparin from the surface of the nanoparticles. Biocompatibility and cargo release studies were carried out in HeLa cells cultures.Alba Garcia-Fernandez, Beatriz Lozano-Torres contributed equally to this work. A. Garcia-Fernandez and B. Lozano-Torres are grateful to the "Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad" of the Spanish Government for her PhD fellowships. J. F. Blandez thanks the "Universitat Politecnica de Valencia" for his postdoctoral fellowship (PAID-10-17). The authors thank to the Spanish Government (Projects RTI2018-100910-B-C41 and RTI2018-101599-B-C22 (MCUI/AEI/FEDER, EU)) and the Generalitat Valencia (Project PROMETEO2018-024) for support.García-Fernández, A.; Lozano-Torres, B.; Blandez, JF.; Monreal-Trigo, J.; Soto Camino, J.; Collazos-Castro, JE.; Alcañiz Fillol, M.... (2020). Electro-responsive films containing voltage responsive gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles grafted onto PEDOT-based conducting polymer. Journal of Controlled Release. 323:421-430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.04.048S421430323Aznar, E., Oroval, M., Pascual, L., Murguía, J. R., Martínez-Máñez, R., & Sancenón, F. (2016). Gated Materials for On-Command Release of Guest Molecules. 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Detección precoz de cáncer de vejiga mediante medición de orina con lengua electrónica

[ES] Los métodos actuales de detección temprana de cáncer de vejiga presentan baja sensibilidad para la detección de tumores de bajo grado, son invasivos, de coste elevado y operador dependientes. En este proyecto se desarrollan distintos modelos clasificadores basados en el análisis de orina mediante lengua electrónica voltamétrica de cuatro electrodos nobles y cuatro electrodos no-nobles como una potencial herramienta de apoyo al diagnóstico no invasivo de cáncer de vejiga. Para la clasificación los resultados arrojados por un PLSDA son insuficientes, por lo que se exploran técnicas de clasificación más avanzadas. Para ello, de los 966 puntos de corriente medidos por muestra y electrodo, se obtienen cuatro estadísticos adicionales: derivadas locales de las formas de onda, integración de los pulsos de la misma, componentes frecuenciales discretas, y corrientes iniciales y finales que corresponden a la corriente mínima generada respecto al potencial de reposo del sistema electroquímico. Adicionalmente, se prueban distintos pretratamientos. Los modelos clasificadores desarrollados se basan en regresiones lineales, máquinas de soporte vectorial (SVM) y redes neuronales artificiales (ANN) con y sin reducción de la dimensión (mediante PCA y PFA), además de sNPLSDA. Finalmente, se desarrollan modelos conjuntos combinando las técnicas mencionadas, propias de distintas disciplinas (minería de datos, análisis multivariante, análisis N-dimensional y redes neuronales artificiales), obteniéndose una tasa de acierto binomial sin variables adicionales del 77.3% ± 5.8% y del 74.4% ± 8.0% con ellas.[EN] The bladder cancer early detection is nowadays done through urine analysis of metabolites. This technique offers high specificity (>90%) but with moderate sensibility (<50%), and presents a temporal and economic cost related with the need of laboratory analysis. A candidate for replacing this technique is the use of an electronic tongue, which has given positive results for the prostate cancer early detection application. The electronic tongue would allow obtaining immediate results with practically any variable cost. In this project is developed and combined different classifying algorithms based on the measurements realized at La Fe Polytechnic Hospital through FraPlusMini equipment, an electronic tongue developed by IDM, at the same time that it is performed an analysis to improve the device for the application. Focused in these objectives multivariate analysis, data mining and neural networks are combined.Monreal Trigo, J. (2019). Detección precoz de cáncer de vejiga mediante medición de orina con lengua electrónica. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/129846TFG

Diseño, desarrollo y validación de un sistema electrónico de electroestimulación y liberación electroquímica controlada de fármacos para la mejora de la capacidad de regeneración de células nerviosas

Contexto: Una de las líneas de investigación principales del IDM es el desarrollo de puertas moleculares. La principal aplicación de éstas es la liberación controlada de fármacos, utilizada en la línea de investigación de estimulación y regeneración nerviosa que desarrolla el IDM en colaboración con el CIPF. Actualmente no existen equipos que permitan aplicar ambas técnicas (liberación y electro-estimulación) de una forma flexible y secuenciada. Objetivo: Diseñar y desarrollar un sistema electrónico que supla esta carencia. Características: - Sistema flexible con capacidad de realizar la liberación controlada y la electro-estimulación en distintas configuraciones de electrodos y con distintos tipos de señal. - Configuración y monitorización mediante interfaz en ordenador personal conectado al equipo a través de Bluetooth. - Posibilidad de secuenciar ensayos. - Inalámbrico y autónomo para poder realizar las experiencias en el entorno de los cultivos (cámaras de cultivo celular). Proyección: Se utilizará en ensayos in-vitro de electroestimulación y liberación controlada con células nerviosas precursoras. Su diseño podrá ser la base de un equipo "wearable" que pueda utilizarse en el futuro para ensayos in-vivo.Context: One of the main research lines of the IDM is the development of molecular gates. The most important application of these gates is the controlled drug release used in the line of research in nervous stimulation and regeneration that the IDM develops in cooperation with the CIPF. At present there is no equipment able to apply both techniques (drug release and electrostimulation) in a flexible and sequenced way. Objective: To design and develop an electronic system that makes up this lack. Characteristics: - Flexible system able to perform controlled release and electrostimulation with diferent electrode configurations and with different types of signal. - Configuration and monitoring by means of a personal computer interface with Bluetooth connection to the electronic equipment. - Possibility to perform sequenced experiments. - Wireless and autonomous system so that the experiments can be carried out in the cell culture environment (cell culture chamber). Applications: The system will be used in in-vitro electrostimulation and controlled release experiments on precursor nerve cells. This system will be the based for the design of a wearable system that could be used in the future in in-vivo experiments.Monreal Trigo, J. (2018). Diseño, desarrollo y validación de un sistema electrónico de electroestimulación y liberación electroquímica controlada de fármacos para la mejora de la capacidad de regeneración de células nerviosas. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/110996TFG